1 Samuel 28:23

Authorized King James Version

PDF

But he refused, and said, I will not eat. But his servants, together with the woman, compelled him; and he hearkened unto their voice. So he arose from the earth, and sat upon the bed.

Original Language Analysis

וַיְמָאֵ֗ן But he refused H3985
וַיְמָאֵ֗ן But he refused
Strong's: H3985
Word #: 1 of 16
to refuse
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ and said H559
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 2 of 16
to say (used with great latitude)
לֹ֣א H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 3 of 16
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
אֹכַ֔ל I will not eat H398
אֹכַ֔ל I will not eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 4 of 16
to eat (literally or figuratively)
וַיִּפְרְצוּ compelled H6555
וַיִּפְרְצוּ compelled
Strong's: H6555
Word #: 5 of 16
to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)
ב֤וֹ H0
ב֤וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 6 of 16
עֲבָדָיו֙ But his servants H5650
עֲבָדָיו֙ But his servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 7 of 16
a servant
וְגַם H1571
וְגַם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 8 of 16
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
הָ֣אִשָּׁ֔ה together with the woman H802
הָ֣אִשָּׁ֔ה together with the woman
Strong's: H802
Word #: 9 of 16
a woman
וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע him and he hearkened H8085
וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע him and he hearkened
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 10 of 16
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
לְקֹלָ֑ם unto their voice H6963
לְקֹלָ֑ם unto their voice
Strong's: H6963
Word #: 11 of 16
a voice or sound
וַיָּ֙קָם֙ So he arose H6965
וַיָּ֙קָם֙ So he arose
Strong's: H6965
Word #: 12 of 16
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
מֵֽהָאָ֔רֶץ from the earth H776
מֵֽהָאָ֔רֶץ from the earth
Strong's: H776
Word #: 13 of 16
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב and sat H3427
וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב and sat
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 14 of 16
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 15 of 16
near, with or among; often in general, to
הַמִּטָּֽה׃ upon the bed H4296
הַמִּטָּֽה׃ upon the bed
Strong's: H4296
Word #: 16 of 16
a bed (as extended) for sleeping or eating; by analogy, a sofa, litter or bier

Analysis & Commentary

Saul's initial refusal to eat ('I will not eat') reflects the paralysis of despair. The servants and woman together 'compelled him' (Hebrew: 'wayyifrets-u-vo'), using a verb suggesting breaking through resistance. Saul's eventual compliance ('he hearkened unto their voice... arose from the earth, and sat upon the bed') shows him accepting minimal restoration before his final battle. The image of the condemned king sitting on a bed in a medium's house captures the complete collapse of his majesty.

Historical Context

The verb 'compelled' (parats) implies forceful persuasion, breaking through Saul's resistance. The bed (mittah) may have been the woman's own, suggesting she gave her best accommodation to the doomed king.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources

Bible Stories